MolluscaBase taxon details

Spondylus Linnaeus, 1758

To NMNH Paleobiology Collection (USNM PAL 617474 617475 617476)
To NMNH Paleobiology Collection (USNM PAL 617474 617475 617476)

138518  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:138518)

  1. Biota
  2. Animalia (Kingdom)
  3. Mollusca (Phylum)
  4. Bivalvia (Class)
  5. Autobranchia (Subclass)
  6. Pteriomorphia (Infraclass)
  7. Pectinida (Order)
  8. Pectinoidea (Superfamily)
  9. Spondylidae (Family)
  10. Spondylinae (Subfamily)
  11. Spondylus (Genus)
accepted
Genus
Spondylus gaederopus Linnaeus, 1758 (type by subsequent designation)
Lanilda Iredale, 1939 · unaccepted
Podopsis Lamarck, 1819 † · unaccepted > junior subjective synonym
Spondylus (Rimaespondylus) Damarco, 2015 · unaccepted (unavailable name: no type species...)  
unavailable name: no type species designated
Spondylus (Spondylus) Linnaeus, 1758 · unaccepted (subgenus not accepted)

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  1. Species Spondylus acrabatensis Vinokurova, 1970 †
  2. Species Spondylus aegyptiacus R. B. Newton, 1898 †
  3. Species Spondylus amanoi Hayami, 1975 †
  4. Species Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781
  5. Species Spondylus anacanthus Mawe, 1823
  6. Species Spondylus angolensis Rennie, 1929 †
  7. Species Spondylus aonis A. d'Orbigny, 1850 †
  8. Species Spondylus apiapiensis Beets, 1987 †
  9. Species Spondylus aratus (C. W. Cooke, 1919) †
  10. Species Spondylus asiaticus Chenu, 1844
  11. Species Spondylus asperrimus G. B. Sowerby II, 1847
  12. Species Spondylus atacicus Doncieux, 1905 †
  13. Species Spondylus aucklandicus P. Marshall, 1918 †
  14. Species Spondylus avramsingeri Kovalis, 2010
  15. Species Spondylus baileyana Chapman, 1922 †
  16. Species Spondylus baochauae Thach, 2023
  17. Species Spondylus batequensis Squires & Demetrion, 1990 †
  18. Species Spondylus bichlinhorum Thach, 2024
  19. Species Spondylus bifrons Münster, 1835 †
  20. Species Spondylus blanquieri Doncieux, 1911 †
  21. Species Spondylus boriesi Doncieux, 1911 †
  22. Species Spondylus bostrychites Guppy, 1867 †
  23. Species Spondylus buchii R. A. Philippi, 1846 †
  24. Species Spondylus butleri Reeve, 1856
  25. Species Spondylus caldesensis Carez, 1881 †
  26. Species Spondylus candidus Lamarck, 1819
  27. Species Spondylus carantonensis A. d'Orbigny, 1847 †
  28. Species Spondylus carlosensis F. M. Anderson, 1905 †
  29. Species Spondylus chipolanus Dall, 1898 †
  30. Species Spondylus chiriquiensis Olsson, 1922 †
  31. Species Spondylus cisalpinus Brongniart, 1823 †
  32. Species Spondylus clarksoni Lamprell, 1992
  33. Species Spondylus cliffensis M. A. Hanna, 1927 †
  34. Species Spondylus colombiensis Weisbord, 1929 †
  35. Species Spondylus concavus Deshayes, 1863
  36. Species Spondylus concentricus Bronn, 1831 †
  37. Species Spondylus coquandianus A. d'Orbigny, 1847 †
  38. Species Spondylus costuliferus Chiplonkar & Tapaswi, 1975 †
  39. Species Spondylus crassicosta Lamarck, 1819 †
  40. Species Spondylus crassisquama Lamarck, 1819
  41. Species Spondylus croceus Schreibers, 1793
  42. Species Spondylus darwini Jousseaume, 1882
  43. Species Spondylus decoratus Nagao, 1934 †
  44. Species Spondylus decussatus T. Fuchs, 1879 †
  45. Species Spondylus deforgesi Lamprell & Healy, 2001
  46. Species Spondylus demissus Deshayes, 1858 †
  47. Species Spondylus depressus Fulton, 1915
  48. Species Spondylus douvillei Basse, 1931 †
  49. Species Spondylus dumosus (S. G. Morton, 1834) †
  50. Species Spondylus eastae Lamprell, 1992
  51. Species Spondylus echinatus Schreibers, 1793
  52. Species Spondylus eocenus Leymerie, 1881 †
  53. Species Spondylus epiensis Abrard, 1947 †
  54. Species Spondylus erectospinus T. Habe, 1973
  55. Species Spondylus exiguus Lamprell & Healy, 2001
  56. Species Spondylus exilis G. B. Sowerby III, 1895
  57. Species Spondylus falconensis G. D. Harris, 1927 †
  58. Species Spondylus fauroti Jousseaume, 1888
  59. Species Spondylus faxensis Lundgren, 1885 †
  60. Species Spondylus filiaris Dall, 1916 †
  61. Species Spondylus fimbriatus Goldfuss, 1835 †
  62. Species Spondylus foliaceus Schreibers, 1793
  63. Species Spondylus gaderopoides McCoy, 1876 †
  64. Species Spondylus gaederopus Linnaeus, 1758
  65. Species Spondylus geniculatus d'Archiac & Haime, 1854 †
  66. Species Spondylus gibbosus A. d'Orbigny, 1847 †
  67. Species Spondylus ginginensis Feldtmann, 1963 †
  68. Species Spondylus gloriandus Melvill & Standen, 1907
  69. Species Spondylus gloriosus Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938
  70. Species Spondylus granulocostatus Dockery, 1982 †
  71. Species Spondylus granulosus Deshayes, 1830 †
  72. Species Spondylus gravis Fulton, 1915
  73. Species Spondylus gregalis (S. G. Morton, 1833) †
  74. Species Spondylus griffithsi Thach, 2023
  75. Species Spondylus groschi Lamprell & Kilburn, 1995
  76. Species Spondylus gumanomocon A. P. Brown & Pilsbry, 1913 †
  77. Species Spondylus gussonii O. G. Costa, 1830
  78. Species Spondylus heidkeae Lamprell & Healy, 2001
  79. Species Spondylus hilli Cragin, 1893 †
  80. Species Spondylus hispanicus Doncieux, 1911 †
  81. Species Spondylus hollisteri G. D. Harris, 1951 †
  82. Species Spondylus hystrix Goldfuss, 1835 †
  83. Species Spondylus imperialis Chenu, 1844
  84. Species Spondylus jamarci Okutani, 1983
  85. Species Spondylus kamitanoensis Kanno, 1958 †
  86. Species Spondylus kisiltamensis Vinokurova, 1970 †
  87. Species Spondylus labiatus (Wahlenberg, 1821) †
  88. Species Spondylus lamarckii Chenu, 1845
  89. Species Spondylus lamellacea Kellum, 1926 †
  90. Species Spondylus lamellatus (Nilsson, 1827) †
  91. Species Spondylus lamellosus Kossmat, 1897 †
  92. Species Spondylus latus (J. Sowerby, 1815) †
  93. Species Spondylus layardi Reeve, 1856
  94. Species Spondylus leucacanthus Broderip, 1833
  95. Species Spondylus ligustinus Rovereto, 1900 †
  96. Species Spondylus limbatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1847
  97. Species Spondylus linguafelis G. B. Sowerby II, 1847
  98. Species Spondylus lucasi Maury, 1920 †
  99. Species Spondylus maestratii Lamprell & Healy, 2001
  100. Species Spondylus marinensis T. Cossignani & Allary, 2018
  101. Species Spondylus mimus Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938
  102. Species Spondylus mimus Olsson, 1931 †
  103. Species Spondylus morrisoni Damarco, 2015
  104. Species Spondylus mucronatus Azzaroli, 1958 †
  105. Species Spondylus multimuricatus Reeve, 1856
  106. Species Spondylus multisetosus Reeve, 1856
  107. Species Spondylus multistriatus Deshayes, 1830 †
  108. Species Spondylus munitus Stephenson, 1941 †
  109. Species Spondylus murravicus Tate, 1899 †
  110. Species Spondylus ngocae Thach, 2023
  111. Species Spondylus nicobaricus Schreibers, 1793
  112. Species Spondylus nili P. Oppenheim, 1903 †
  113. Species Spondylus nystii d'Archiac, 1846 †
  114. Species Spondylus oballosensis Imlay, 1940 †
  115. Species Spondylus occidens G. B. Sowerby III, 1903
  116. Species Spondylus ocellatus Reeve, 1856
  117. Species Spondylus ogormani Cossmann, 1922 †
  118. Species Spondylus olssoni B. L. Clark, 1946 †
  119. Species Spondylus onischkoi Vinokurova, 1970 †
  120. Species Spondylus orbiculatus Wanner & Hahn, 1935 †
  121. Species Spondylus ornatissimus A. Böhm, 1882 †
  122. Species Spondylus orstomi Lamprell & Healy, 2001
  123. Species Spondylus ostreoides E. A. Smith, 1885
  124. Species Spondylus palareensis Boussac, 1911 †
  125. Species Spondylus palensis A. Rouault, 1850 †
  126. Species Spondylus paucispinosus Doncieux, 1911 †
  127. Species Spondylus peradherens Doncieux, 1911 †
  128. Species Spondylus perhorridus Oppenheim, 1903 †
  129. Species Spondylus perhorridus P. Oppenheim, 1903 †
  130. Species Spondylus perrini Wiedey, 1928 †
  131. Species Spondylus podopsideus Lamarck, 1819 †
  132. Species Spondylus pratii Parth, 1990
  133. Species Spondylus proneri Lamprell & Healy, 2001
  134. Species Spondylus pseudocalcaratus Tashiro, 1976 †
  135. Species Spondylus pseudogaederopus T. Cossignani, 2022
  136. Species Spondylus pseudoradula McCoy, 1878 †
  137. Species Spondylus purpurascens T. Cossignani, 2022
  138. Species Spondylus radula Lamarck, 1806 †
  139. Species Spondylus rambaianus K. Martin, 1909 †
  140. Species Spondylus raoulensis W. R. B. Oliver, 1915
  141. Species Spondylus rarispina Deshayes, 1830 †
  142. Species Spondylus reesianus G. B. Sowerby III, 1903
  143. Species Spondylus regius Linnaeus, 1758
  144. Species Spondylus requienianus Matheron, 1843 †
  145. Species Spondylus rippingalei Lamprell & Healy, 2001
  146. Species Spondylus rodensis Carrasco, 1994 †
  147. Species Spondylus roemeri Leymerie, 1842 †
  148. Species Spondylus rotundatus Heilprin, 1887 †
  149. Species Spondylus rouaulti d'Archiac, 1854 †
  150. Species Spondylus royanus A. d'Orbigny, 1847 †
  151. Species Spondylus rubicundus Reeve, 1856
  152. Species Spondylus rugosus E. L. Packard, 1922 †
  153. Species Spondylus santonensis A. d'Orbigny, 1847 †
  154. Species Spondylus schekkermanae Darragh & Kendrick, 1991 †
  155. Species Spondylus scotti A. P. Brown & Pilsbry, 1913 †
  156. Species Spondylus senegalensis Schreibers, 1793
  157. Species Spondylus serratus H. Woods, 1901 †
  158. Species Spondylus sesquispinatus Vinassa de Regny, 1896 †
  159. Species Spondylus sinensis Schreibers, 1793
  160. Species Spondylus sondeianus K. Martin, 1909 †
  161. Species Spondylus spinosus Schreibers, 1793
  162. Species Spondylus spinosus (J. Sowerby, 1814) † (accepted > unreplaced junior homonym, secondary homonym of Spondylus spinosus Schreibers, 1793)
  163. Species Spondylus spondyloides (Tate, 1882) †
  164. Species Spondylus squamosus Schreibers, 1793
  165. Species Spondylus striatus (J. Sowerby, 1815) †
  166. Species Spondylus subcostulatus Stoliczka, 1871 †
  167. Species Spondylus subnodosus (E. L. Packard, 1922) †
  168. Species Spondylus subplicatus A. d'Orbigny, 1850 †
  169. Species Spondylus subsquamosus Forbes, 1846 †
  170. Species Spondylus sulcatellus Stoliczka, 1871 †
  171. Species Spondylus suttkusi H. E. Vokes, 1990 †
  172. Species Spondylus symmetros K. Martin, 1885 †
  173. Species Spondylus tallavignesi d'Archiac, 1854 †
  174. Species Spondylus tenellus Reeve, 1856
  175. Species Spondylus tenuis Schreibers, 1793
  176. Species Spondylus tenuispina F. Sandberger, 1863 †
  177. Species Spondylus tenuispinosus G. B. Sowerby II, 1847
  178. Species Spondylus tenuitas Garrard, 1966
  179. Species Spondylus truncatus (Lamarck, 1819) †
  180. Species Spondylus variegatus Schreibers, 1793
  181. Species Spondylus varius G. B. Sowerby I, 1827
  182. Species Spondylus vaudini Deshayes, 1858 †
  183. Species Spondylus versicolor Schreibers, 1793
  184. Species Spondylus victoriae G. B. Sowerby II, 1860
  185. Species Spondylus violacescens Lamarck, 1819
  186. Species Spondylus virgineus Reeve, 1856
  187. Species Spondylus visayensis Poppe & Tagaro, 2010
  188. Species Spondylus zonalis Lamarck, 1819
  189. Subgenus Spondylus (Corallospondylus) Monterosato, 1917 accepted as Spondylus Linnaeus, 1758
  190. Subgenus Spondylus (Eleutherospondylos) Dunker, 1882 accepted as Spondylus Linnaeus, 1758
  191. Subgenus Spondylus (Eltopera) Iredale, 1939 accepted as Spondylus Linnaeus, 1758
  192. Subgenus Spondylus (Lanilda) Iredale, 1939 accepted as Spondylus Linnaeus, 1758
    1. Species Spondylus (Lanilda) ducalis Röding, 1798 accepted as Spondylus sinensis Schreibers, 1793
  193. Subgenus Spondylus (Rimaespondylus) Damarco, 2015 accepted as Spondylus Linnaeus, 1758 (unavailable name: no type species designated)
    1. Species Spondylus (Rimaespondylus) morrisoni Damarco, 2015 accepted as Spondylus morrisoni Damarco, 2015
  194. Subgenus Spondylus (Spondylus) Linnaeus, 1758 accepted as Spondylus Linnaeus, 1758 (subgenus not accepted)
    1. Species Spondylus (Spondylus) amanoi Hayami, 1975 † represented as Spondylus amanoi Hayami, 1975 †
    2. Species Spondylus (Spondylus) granulocostatus Dockery, 1982 † represented as Spondylus granulocostatus Dockery, 1982 †
    3. Species Spondylus (Spondylus) schekkermanae Darragh & Kendrick, 1991 † represented as Spondylus schekkermanae Darragh & Kendrick, 1991 †
  195. Subgenus Spondylus (Sponvola) Iredale, 1939 accepted as Spondylus Linnaeus, 1758
    1. Species Spondylus (Sponvola) wrightianus Crosse, 1872 accepted as Spondylus victoriae G. B. Sowerby II, 1860
  196. Species Spondylus aculeatus Schreibers, 1793 accepted as Spondylus variegatus Schreibers, 1793
  197. Species Spondylus aculeatus Broderip, 1833 accepted as Spondylus nicobaricus Schreibers, 1793
  198. Species Spondylus aculeatus Schröter, 1788 accepted as Spondylus spinosus Schreibers, 1793 (non-binominal)
  199. Species Spondylus aequalis Hébert, 1858 † accepted as Spondylus spinosus (J. Sowerby, 1814) † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  200. Species Spondylus aequicostatus Etheridge, 1881 † accepted as Spondylus latus (J. Sowerby, 1815) † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  201. Species Spondylus affinis Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus multisetosus Reeve, 1856
  202. Species Spondylus albibarbatus Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus echinatus Schreibers, 1793
  203. Species Spondylus albidus Broderip, 1836 accepted as Spondylus gussonii O. G. Costa, 1830
  204. Species Spondylus albus Schreibers, 1793 accepted as Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781
  205. Species Spondylus albus Anton, 1838 accepted as Spondylus echinatus Schreibers, 1793
  206. Species Spondylus albus Chenu, 1844 accepted as Spondylus echinatus Schreibers, 1793 (not an available name: not the first validation of a non-binomial name in Chemnitz (1786))
  207. Species Spondylus aldingensis Tate, 1896 † accepted as Spondylus spondyloides (Tate, 1882) † (unaccepted > junior objective synonym, unnecessary replacement name)
  208. Species Spondylus alexandrae Vredenburg, 1927 † accepted as Spondylus rouaulti d'Archiac, 1854 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  209. Species Spondylus ambiguus Chenu, 1844 accepted as Spondylus tenuis Schreibers, 1793
  210. Species Spondylus americanus Schreibers, 1793 accepted as Spondylus butleri Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted > junior homonym, not Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781)
  211. Species Spondylus arabicus Abbass, 1973 † accepted as Spondylus aegyptiacus R. B. Newton, 1898 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  212. Species Spondylus arachnoides Lamarck, 1819 accepted as Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781
  213. Species Spondylus arenicola Tate, 1896 † accepted as Spondylus spondyloides (Tate, 1882) † (unnecessary replacement name)
  214. Species Spondylus ariyalurensis [sic] † accepted as Spondylus arrialoorensis Stoliczka, 1871 † accepted as Spondylus fimbriatus Goldfuss, 1835 † (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling)
  215. Species Spondylus armatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 accepted as Spondylus victoriae G. B. Sowerby II, 1860 (homonym of Spondylus armatus Goldfuss, 1835 †)
  216. Species Spondylus arrialoorensis Stoliczka, 1871 † accepted as Spondylus fimbriatus Goldfuss, 1835 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  217. Species Spondylus asperulus Münster, 1835 † accepted as Spondylus radula Lamarck, 1806 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  218. Species Spondylus astragalus Schafhäutl, 1863 † accepted as Spondylus radula Lamarck, 1806 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  219. Species Spondylus aurantiacus Röding, 1798 accepted as Spondylus croceus Schreibers, 1793
  220. Species Spondylus aurantius Lamarck, 1819 accepted as Spondylus versicolor Schreibers, 1793
  221. Species Spondylus aurispinae Damarco & Bologna, 2009 accepted as Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781
  222. Species Spondylus avicularis Lamarck, 1819 accepted as Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781
  223. Species Spondylus barbatus Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus squamosus Schreibers, 1793
  224. Species Spondylus basilicus Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus crassisquama Lamarck, 1819
  225. Species Spondylus bianchii Selli, 1974 accepted as Spondylus nudus Reeve, 1842 accepted as Spondylus anacanthus Mawe, 1823 (superfluous nomen novum for Spondylus nudus Reeve, 1842)
  226. Species Spondylus bifrons G. B. Sowerby I, 1850 † accepted as Spondylus bostrychites Guppy, 1867 † (unaccepted > junior homonym, junior homonym of Spondylus bifrons Münster, 1835; Spondylus bostrychites is a replacement name)
  227. Species Spondylus bisculptilis Staid-Staadt, 1964 † accepted as Spondylus cisalpinus Brongniart, 1823 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  228. Species Spondylus biscuptilis [sic] † accepted as Spondylus bisculptilis Staid-Staadt, 1964 † accepted as Spondylus cisalpinus Brongniart, 1823 † (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling)
  229. Species Spondylus brunneri F.-J. Pictet & W. Roux, 1853 † accepted as Spondylus gibbosus A. d'Orbigny, 1847 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  230. Species Spondylus buchi [sic] † accepted as Spondylus buchii R. A. Philippi, 1846 † (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling)
  231. Species Spondylus calcaratus Forbes, 1846 † accepted as Spondylus subsquamosus Forbes, 1846 † (subjective synonym)
  232. Species Spondylus calcifer P. P. Carpenter, 1857 accepted as Spondylus limbatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  233. Species Spondylus camurus Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus multisetosus Reeve, 1856
  234. Species Spondylus capillatus d'Archiac, 1847 † accepted as Spondylus striatus (J. Sowerby, 1815) † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  235. Species Spondylus carmenensis F. Hodson, 1927 † accepted as Spondylus gumanomocon A. P. Brown & Pilsbry, 1913 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  236. Species Spondylus castus Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus echinatus Schreibers, 1793
  237. Species Spondylus cevikeri Lamprell, J. Stanisic & Clarkson, 2001 accepted as Spondylus gaederopus Linnaeus, 1758
  238. Species Spondylus ciliatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 accepted as Spondylus nicobaricus Schreibers, 1793
  239. Species Spondylus cleopatrae Abbass, 1973 † accepted as Spondylus aegyptiacus R. B. Newton, 1898 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  240. Species Spondylus coccineus Lamarck, 1819, sensu G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 accepted as Spondylus nicobaricus Schreibers, 1793
  241. Species Spondylus coccineus Lamarck, 1819 accepted as Spondylus limbatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 (invalid: junior homonym of S. coccineus Schreibers, 1793; S. punicus is a replacement name)
  242. Species Spondylus comtus (Goldfuss, 1833) † accepted as Neomorphotis comta (Goldfuss, 1833) † (unaccepted > superseded combination)
  243. Species Spondylus contrarius Anton, 1838 accepted as Spondylus gaederopus Linnaeus, 1758
  244. Species Spondylus costatus Lamarck, 1819 accepted as Spondylus foliaceus Schreibers, 1793
  245. Species Spondylus crocatus Deshayes, 1849 accepted as Spondylus tenuis Schreibers, 1793
  246. Species Spondylus croceus Chemnitz, 1784 accepted as Spondylus croceus Schreibers, 1793 (unavailable name, published in a work rejected y ICZN Direction 1; available from Schreibers, 1793)
  247. Species Spondylus cruentus Lischke, 1868 accepted as Spondylus squamosus Schreibers, 1793 (junior synonym)
  248. Species Spondylus cumingii G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 accepted as Spondylus regius Linnaeus, 1758
  249. Species Spondylus cuneus Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781
  250. Species Spondylus darwini Jousseaume, 1882, sensu Lamprell & Healy, 1998 accepted as Spondylus asperrimus G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 (misapplication)
  251. Species Spondylus delessertii Chenu, 1844 accepted as Spondylus varius G. B. Sowerby I, 1827
  252. Species Spondylus dentatus Chenu, 1844 accepted as Spondylus spinosus Schreibers, 1793
  253. Species Spondylus deshayesi Michelotti, 1847 † accepted as Spondylus gaederopus deshayesi Michelotti, 1847 † (unaccepted > superseded rank)
  254. Species Spondylus digitatus Perry, 1811 accepted as Spondylus foliaceus Schreibers, 1793
  255. Species Spondylus digitatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 accepted as Spondylus tenuis Schreibers, 1793
  256. Species Spondylus dominicensis Röding, 1798 accepted as Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  257. Species Spondylus dubius Broderip, 1833 accepted as Spondylus crassisquama Lamarck, 1819
  258. Species Spondylus ducalis Röding, 1798 accepted as Spondylus sinensis Schreibers, 1793
  259. Species Spondylus dutempleanus A. d'Orbigny, 1847 † accepted as Spondylus fimbriatus Goldfuss, 1835 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  260. Species Spondylus echinatus A. d'Orbigny, 1853 accepted as Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781 (junior synonym)
  261. Species Spondylus electrum Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus tenuis Schreibers, 1793
  262. Species Spondylus electus Fulton, 1915 accepted as Spondylus tenuis Schreibers, 1793
  263. Species Spondylus ella Iredale, 1939 accepted as Spondylus victoriae G. B. Sowerby II, 1860
  264. Species Spondylus erectospinosus [sic] accepted as Spondylus erectospinus T. Habe, 1973 (incorrect subsequent spelling of erectospinus by Habe)
  265. Species Spondylus erinaceus Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus tenuis Schreibers, 1793
  266. Species Spondylus excavatus Chenu, 1844 accepted as Spondylus senegalensis Schreibers, 1793
  267. Species Spondylus ferreolensis Fontannes, 1882 † accepted as Spondylus concentricus Bronn, 1831 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  268. Species Spondylus flabellum Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus anacanthus Mawe, 1823
  269. Species Spondylus foliabrassicae A. d'Orbigny, 1853 accepted as Spondylus americanus Hermann, 1781
  270. Species Spondylus fragilis G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 accepted as Spondylus sinensis Schreibers, 1793
  271. Species Spondylus fragum Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus multisetosus Reeve, 1856
  272. Species Spondylus fucatus G D. Hanna, 1924 † accepted as Spondylus subnodosus (E. L. Packard, 1922) † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  273. Species Spondylus fulvus Schreibers, 1793 accepted as Spondylus gaederopus Linnaeus, 1758
  274. Species Spondylus gilvus Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus tenuis Schreibers, 1793
  275. Species Spondylus gracilis Chenu, 1844 accepted as Spondylus nicobaricus Schreibers, 1793
  276. Species Spondylus hammadi Abbass, 1973 † accepted as Spondylus aegyptiacus R. B. Newton, 1898 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  277. Species Spondylus hawaiensis Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938 accepted as Spondylus candidus Lamarck, 1819
  278. Species Spondylus herinaceus Chenu, 1844 accepted as Spondylus zonalis Lamarck, 1819
  279. Species Spondylus horridus Bellardi, 1852 † accepted as Spondylus nystii d'Archiac, 1846 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  280. Species Spondylus hystrix Röding, 1798 accepted as Spondylus nicobaricus Schreibers, 1793
  281. Species Spondylus hystrix Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus virgineus Reeve, 1856
  282. Species Spondylus ictericus Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus tenuis Schreibers, 1793 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  283. Species Spondylus igneus Fulton, 1915 accepted as Spondylus nicobaricus Schreibers, 1793
  284. Species Spondylus imbutus Reeve, 1856 accepted as Spondylus foliaceus Schreibers, 1793
  285. Species Spondylus inermis Alvarado & Álvarez, 1964 accepted as Spondylus senegalensis Schreibers, 1793 (junior homonym of Spondylus inermis Bronn, 1860)
  286. Species Spondylus inezana Wiedey, 1928 † accepted as Spondylus perrini Wiedey, 1928 † (subjective synonym)
  287. Species Spondylus inornatus Whitfield, 1894 † accepted as Plicatula densata Conrad, 1843 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  288. Species Spondylus iredalei Fulton, 1915 accepted as Spondylus raoulensis W. R. B. Oliver, 1915 (junior subjective synonym)
  289. Species Spondylus japonicus Kuroda, 1932 accepted as Spondylus squamosus Schreibers, 1793
  290. Species Spondylus japonicus Amano & Marui, 1958 † accepted as Spondylus amanoi Hayami, 1975 † (unaccepted > junior homonym, junior homonym of Spondylus japonicus non Kuroda, 1932; Pecten amanoi is a replacement name)
  291. Species Spondylus jubalensis E. Lamy, 1938 accepted as Spondylus candidus Lamarck, 1819
  292. Species Spondylus kauaiensis Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938 accepted as Spondylus mimus Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938
  293. Species Spondylus lamarckii sensu P. P. Carpenter, 1857 accepted as Spondylus limbatus G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 (misapplication)
  294. Species Spondylus lamyi Fulton, 1915 (unaccepted)
  295. Species Spondylus leucacantha Broderip, 1833 (unaccepted, incorrect gender of species epithet)
  296. Species Spondylus lima Chenu, 1844 (unaccepted)
  297. Species Spondylus limoides Bellardi, 1852 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  298. Species Spondylus lindea Iredale, 1939 (unaccepted)
  299. Species Spondylus longispina Lamarck, 1819 (unaccepted)
  300. Species Spondylus longitudinalis Lamarck, 1819, sensu G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 (unaccepted, misapplication)
  301. Species Spondylus longitudinalis Lamarck, 1819 (unaccepted)
  302. Species Spondylus maculatus Schreibers, 1793 (unaccepted)
  303. Species Spondylus marisrubri Röding, 1798 (unaccepted)
  304. Species Spondylus mediterraneus Hermann, 1781 (unaccepted)
  305. Species Spondylus microlepos Lamarck, 1819 sensu Lamprell, 1986 (unaccepted, misapplication)
  306. Species Spondylus minimus Chenu, 1844 (unaccepted)
  307. Species Spondylus mireilleae Lamprell & Healy, 2001 (unaccepted)
  308. Species Spondylus monachus Chenu, 1844 (unaccepted)
  309. Species Spondylus multilamellatus Lamarck, 1819 (unaccepted)
  310. Species Spondylus muricatus Chenu, 1845 (unaccepted)
  311. Species Spondylus muricatus Millet, 1854 † (unaccepted > nomen nudum)
  312. Species Spondylus mus Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted)
  313. Species Spondylus nilssoni Deshayes, 1836 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  314. Species Spondylus nudus Reeve, 1842 (unaccepted)
  315. Species Spondylus nux Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted)
  316. Species Spondylus nysti [sic] † (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling)
  317. Species Spondylus obliquus Münster, 1841 † (unaccepted > superseded combination)
  318. Species Spondylus obliquus Chenu, 1844 (unaccepted > junior homonym, invalid; not Münster, 1841)
  319. Species Spondylus pacificus Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted)
  320. Species Spondylus parocellatus Iredale, 1939 (unaccepted)
  321. Species Spondylus parvispinus Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938 (unaccepted)
  322. Species Spondylus paucispinatus Bellardi, 1852 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  323. Species Spondylus percea Iredale, 1939 (unaccepted)
  324. Species Spondylus pernux Iredale, 1939 (unaccepted)
  325. Species Spondylus pesasininus Röding, 1798 (unaccepted)
  326. Species Spondylus petroselinum G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 (unaccepted)
  327. Species Spondylus pictorum Schreibers, 1793 (unaccepted)
  328. Species Spondylus pictorum Schreibers, 1793 sensu Lamprell, 1986 (unaccepted)
  329. Species Spondylus pictorum Schreibers, 1793 sensu Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted, misapplication)
  330. Species Spondylus pinguisculus C. A. White, 1887 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  331. Species Spondylus plicatus Linnaeus, 1764 (unaccepted, original combination)
  332. Species Spondylus plicatus Münster, 1835 † (unaccepted > junior homonym, junior homonym of Spondylus plicatus Linnaeus, 1764; Spondylus plicatus is a replacement name)
  333. Species Spondylus plurispinosus Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted)
  334. Species Spondylus powelli E. A. Smith, 1892 (unaccepted)
  335. Species Spondylus princeps Broderip, 1833 (unaccepted)
  336. Species Spondylus princeps Schreibers, 1793 (unaccepted, declared nomen oblitum in Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 57, p. 7)
  337. Species Spondylus prionifer Iredale, 1931 (unaccepted)
  338. Species Spondylus proboscideus Schreibers, 1793 (unaccepted)
  339. Species Spondylus pseudochama Schreibers, 1793 (unaccepted)
  340. Species Spondylus punicus F. R. Bernard, Cai & B. Morton, 1993 (unaccepted)
  341. Species Spondylus radians Lamarck, 1819 (unaccepted)
  342. Species Spondylus radiatus S. Meunier, 1880 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  343. Species Spondylus radiatus Goldfuss, 1835 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  344. Species Spondylus radula Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted, invalid: junior homonym of Spondylus radula Lamarck, 1806; S. smithi is a replacement name)
  345. Species Spondylus ramosus Schreibers, 1793 (unaccepted)
  346. Species Spondylus ramosus Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted)
  347. Species Spondylus rarispinus Deshayes, 1830 † (unaccepted > incorrect grammatical agreement of specific epithet, species epithet is a noun in apposition)
  348. Species Spondylus reevei Fulton, 1915 (unaccepted)
  349. Species Spondylus roseus Jousseaume, 1927 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  350. Species Spondylus rostratus Chenu, 1844 (unaccepted)
  351. Species Spondylus sanguineus Dunker, 1852 (unaccepted)
  352. Species Spondylus satal de Roissy, 1804 (unaccepted)
  353. Species Spondylus savignyi Jousseaume, 1927 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  354. Species Spondylus schlotheimii Klipstein, 1843 † (unaccepted > superseded combination)
  355. Species Spondylus serraticosta Prashad, 1932 (unaccepted)
  356. Species Spondylus serraticostus [sic] (unaccepted, misspelling)
  357. Species Spondylus serratissimus Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938 (unaccepted)
  358. Species Spondylus setiger Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted)
  359. Species Spondylus sinensis G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 (unaccepted)
  360. Species Spondylus smithi Fulton, 1915 (unaccepted)
  361. Species Spondylus smytheae Lamprell, 1998 (unaccepted)
  362. Species Spondylus somalicus Parth & Philippe, 1992 (unaccepted)
  363. Species Spondylus sowerbyi Fulton, 1915 (unaccepted)
  364. Species Spondylus sparsispinosus Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938 (unaccepted)
  365. Species Spondylus spathuliferus Lamarck, 1819 (unaccepted)
  366. Species Spondylus spectrum Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted)
  367. Species Spondylus spinulosus Kuster, 1858 (unaccepted)
  368. Species Spondylus striatospinosus Chenu, 1844 (unaccepted)
  369. Species Spondylus striatus E. L. Packard, 1922 † (unaccepted)
  370. Species Spondylus subcostatus A. d'Orbigny, 1852 † (unaccepted)
  371. Species Spondylus subspinosus Coquand, 1860 † (unaccepted)
  372. Species Spondylus subspinosus d'Archiac, 1850 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  373. Species Spondylus swinneni Lamprell, J. Stanisic & Clarkson, 2001 (unaccepted)
  374. Species Spondylus tenebrosus Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted)
  375. Species Spondylus teysenbergensis Schafhäutl, 1863 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  376. Species Spondylus tuberculosus Goldfuss, 1835 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  377. Species Spondylus unicus Jousseaume, 1927 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  378. Species Spondylus ursipes S. S. Berry, 1959 (unaccepted)
  379. Species Spondylus ustulatus Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted)
  380. Species Spondylus vaginatus Rovereto, 1897 † (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  381. Species Spondylus varians [sic] (unaccepted, probably a misspelling)
  382. Species Spondylus velatus (Goldfuss, 1833) † (unaccepted > superseded combination)
  383. Species Spondylus vexillum Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted)
  384. Species Spondylus violaceus Reeve, 1856 (unaccepted)
  385. Species Spondylus wrightianus Crosse, 1872 (unaccepted)
  386. Species Spondylus alternatus A. d'Orbigny, 1847 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  387. Species Spondylus antiquatus Linnaeus, 1771 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  388. Species Spondylus armatus Goldfuss, 1835 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  389. Species Spondylus asper Münster, 1835 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  390. Species Spondylus asper Dujardin, 1837 † (uncertain > unassessed, junior homonym of Spondylus asper Münster, 1835)
  391. Species Spondylus auriculatus Nyst, 1845 † (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  392. Species Spondylus aurisiacus Schreibers, 1793 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  393. Species Spondylus bellulus de Loriol, 1868 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  394. Species Spondylus bifarius Schafhäutl, 1863 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  395. Species Spondylus cancellatus Schreibers, 1793 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  396. Species Spondylus citreus Gmelin, 1791 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  397. Species Spondylus coccineus Schreibers, 1793 (uncertain > nomen dubium)
  398. Species Spondylus complanatus A. d'Orbigny, 1847 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  399. Species Spondylus coralliphagus Goldfuss, 1835 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  400. Species Spondylus crispus Lundgren, 1885 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  401. Species Spondylus cristatus Röding, 1798 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  402. Species Spondylus cruentatus Röding, 1798 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  403. Species Spondylus dejectus Étallon, 1862 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  404. Species Spondylus duplicatus Goldfuss, 1835 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  405. Species Spondylus echinus Jousseaume, 1927 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum, status in recent literature not researched by editor)
  406. Species Spondylus globulosus A. d'Orbigny, 1847 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  407. Species Spondylus hippuritarum A. d'Orbigny, 1847 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  408. Species Spondylus horridus Étallon, 1862 † (uncertain > unassessed, junior homonym of Spondylus horridus Bellardi, 1852)
  409. Species Spondylus imbricatus Perry, 1811 (uncertain > nomen dubium)
  410. Species Spondylus insularis L. R. Cox, 1927 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  411. Species Spondylus jegoui Munier-Chalmas, 1881 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  412. Species Spondylus labrum Röding, 1798 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  413. Species Spondylus lineatus Goldfuss, 1835 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  414. Species Spondylus macis Röding, 1798 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  415. Species Spondylus marmoratus Schreibers, 1793 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  416. Species Spondylus maximus Schreibers, 1793 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  417. Species Spondylus microlepos Lamarck, 1819 (uncertain > nomen dubium)
  418. Species Spondylus moravicus G. Boehm, 1883 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  419. Species Spondylus obesus A. d'Orbigny, 1847 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  420. Species Spondylus oblongus Schreibers, 1793 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  421. Species Spondylus personatus Schafhäutl, 1863 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  422. Species Spondylus pickeringae Lamprell, 1998 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  423. Species Spondylus plicatulus Schreibers, 1793 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  424. Species Spondylus punctatus Schreibers, 1793 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  425. Species Spondylus purpureus Schreibers, 1793 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  426. Species Spondylus renauxianus A. d'Orbigny, 1847 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  427. Species Spondylus reticulatus Lundgren, 1885 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  428. Species Spondylus rubellus Schreibers, 1793 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  429. Species Spondylus rufus Röding, 1798 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  430. Species Spondylus seranensis Krumbeck, 1923 † (uncertain > taxon inquirendum, not found in the literature after original description)
  431. Species Spondylus squamiferus Lundgren, 1885 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  432. Species Spondylus striatocostatus A. d'Orbigny, 1847 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  433. Species Spondylus striatus Goldfuss, 1835 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  434. Species Spondylus sublaevis Münster, 1835 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  435. Species Spondylus substriatus Münster, 1841 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  436. Species Spondylus subvelatus Münster, 1841 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  437. Species Spondylus tenuistriatus Münster, 1835 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  438. Species Spondylus tenuistriatus Lundgren, 1885 † (uncertain > unassessed, junior homonym of Spondylus tenuistriatus Münster, 1835)
  439. Species Spondylus tithonius G. Boehm, 1883 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  440. Species Spondylus triangularis Lundgren, 1885 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  441. Species Spondylus truncatus Goldfuss, 1835 † (uncertain > unassessed)
  442. Species Spondylus unicolor G. B. Sowerby II, 1847 (uncertain > nomen dubium)
  443. Species Spondylus virescens Schreibers, 1793 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent + fossil
masculine
Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. [The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature, according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places.]. <em>Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm].</em> 1(10) [iii], 824 p., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 645, 690 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]
MolluscaBase eds. (2025). MolluscaBase. Spondylus Linnaeus, 1758. Accessed at: https://molluscabase.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138518 on 2025-09-10
Date
action
by
2004-12-21 15:54:05Z
created
Gofas, Serge
2013-05-15 15:01:05Z
changed
Gofas, Serge
2018-10-20 11:57:08Z
changed
Bouchet, Philippe
2025-01-07 08:28:58Z
changed
Schneider, Simon

Creative Commons License The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License


original description Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. [The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature, according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places.]. <em>Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm].</em> 1(10) [iii], 824 p., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 645, 690 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

original description (of Spondylus (Rimaespondylus) Damarco, 2015) Damarco P. (2015). A new species of <i>Spondylus</i> from Indonesia. <em>Malacologia Mostra Mondiale.</em> 87: 6-14. [details] 

original description (of Spondylus (Eltopera) Iredale, 1939) Iredale, T. (1939). Mollusca. Part I. <em>Scientific Reports of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928-1929.</em> 5(6): 209-425, pls 1-7., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49513635
page(s): 377 [details] 

original description (of Spondylus (Lanilda) Iredale, 1939) Iredale, T. (1939). Mollusca. Part I. <em>Scientific Reports of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928-1929.</em> 5(6): 209-425, pls 1-7., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49513635
page(s): 373. [details] 

original description (of Spondylus (Sponvola) Iredale, 1939) Iredale, T. (1939). Mollusca. Part I. <em>Scientific Reports of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928-1929.</em> 5(6): 209-425, pls 1-7., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49513635
page(s): 379. [details] 

original description (of Dianchora J. Sowerby, 1815 †) Sowerby, J. (1812-1815). The mineral conchology of Great Britain; or coloured figures and descriptions of those remains of testaceous animals or shells, which have been preserved at various times and depths in the earth [Vol. I]. London, privately published, pp. i-vii, 9-234 + index [2 pp.], pl. 1-102., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/14408
page(s): 183 [details] 

original description (of Spondylus (Corallospondylus) Monterosato, 1917) Monterosato, T. A. di. (1917). Molluschi viventi e quaternari raccolti lungo le coste della Tripolitania dall'ing. Camillo Crema. <em>Bollettino della Società Zoologica Italiana.</em> ser. 3, 4: 1-28, pl. 1 [December 31st 1917]., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/58455884
page(s): 2. [details] 

original description (of Spondylus (Eleutherospondylos) Dunker, 1882) Dunker, W. (1882). <i>Index molluscorum maris japonici, conscriptus et tabulis iconum xvi illustratus</i>. Novitates Conchologicae. Abbildung und Beschreibung Neuer Conchylien Supplement VII. T. Fischer, Cassel. vii + 301 pp., 16 pls. , available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10838270
page(s): 245. [details] 

original description (of Podopsis Lamarck, 1819 †) Lamarck, [J.-B. M.] de. (1819). <i>Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres</i>. Tome sixième, 1re partie, vi + 343 pp. Paris, published by the author. , available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47441
page(s): 194 [details] 

context source (PeRMS) Paredes, C.; Cardoso, F.; Santamaría, J.; Esplana, J.; Llaja, L. (2016). Lista anotada de los bivalvos marinos del Perú. <em>Revista peruana de biología.</em> 23(2), 127-150., available online at http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1727-99332016000200006 [details] 

basis of record Lamprell, K. L. (1998). Recent <i>Spondylus</i> species from the Middle East and adjacent regions, with the description of two new species. <em>Vita Marina.</em> 45 (1-2): 41-60., available online at http://www.strandvondsten.nl/bibliotheek/vita_marina_magazine/Vita_Marina_41-47/vita_marina_45-01-02.pdf#page=43 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

redescription Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp. [details] 

subsequent type designation Schmidt F.C. 1818, Versuch über die beste Einrichtung zur Aufstellung: Behandlung und Aufbewahrung der verschiedenen Naturkörper und gegenṣtände der Kunst, vorzüglich der Conchylien-Sammlungen, nebst kurzer Beurtheilung der conchyliologischen Systeme und Schriften und einer tabellarischen Zusammenstellung und Vergleichung der sechs besten und neuesten conchyliologischen Systeme. Gotha, J. Perth, 252 pp. , available online at http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015061903053#view=1up;seq=15
page(s): 61 [details] 
 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
Unreviewed
Habitat Known from seamounts and knolls [details]

Remark Type species: Spondylus gaederopus Linnaeus, 1758 [details]
    Definitions

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To NMNH Paleobiology Collection (USNM PAL 617474 617475 617476) 
To NMNH Paleobiology Collection (USNM PAL 617474 617475 617476) 
To ITIS
From editor or global species database
Unreviewed
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